Revised: Jan. 22. 2002

EXPERIMENT 4:
HEAT AND INSULATION

Introduction

The purpose of insulating materials is to impede the flow of heat from inside a container (a bottle, a Thermos jug, or a house) to the outside; or to impede the flow of heat into a container from outside (e.g., a Thermos jug filled with cold lemonade on a hot Summer day). In this experiment, we explore the effect of various insulating materials on the heat loss from a bottle filled with warn water.

Equipment needed

two 2-liter soda bottles with caps
two thermometers or temperature probe
10 in. x15 in. blanket material and other flexible material (sheets of paper, cloth, aluminum foil, etc.)
duct tape or masking tape to fasten the insulating material to the bottle

Procedure

Make holes in bottle caps to run the temperature sensors through; fill both bottles with very warm water to the same height (use about 1.5 liters in each); screw on caps with sensors through them. Plug up the holes in the caps with clay or Play-Doh to seal.

Wrap one bottle with one of the insulating materials and hold in place with tape.

Record the time and temperatures in both bottles immediately and then periodically thereafter (probably every 5 minutes will be enough) until the uncovered bottle reaches room temperature

By repeating with other covering materials, students will be able to observe the effectiveness of insulation over no insulation, and the relative effectiveness of various insulating materials.

(It would be interesting to wrap the bottle with aluminum foil only, and then with foil covered by one of the other materials, measuring the temperature loss in both cases. Making this set of measurements will determine the value—if any—of having an underlayment of aluminum foil.)

These experiments could be a good prelude to the “Keeping the Heat” experiment, both in developing technique and in identifying good and poor insulating materials.

return to Keep the Heat Activities

Go to Experiment 1